The Murudeshwar Temple, dramatically situated on Kanduka Hill overlooking the Arabian Sea coast in Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka, is dedicated to Lord Shiva. Its sanctity is primarily derived from ancient legends connected to the Ramayana and the Atma-linga. According to the most popular narrative, the powerful demon king Ravana performed severe penance to obtain the invincible Atma-linga from Lord Shiva at Mount Kailash. While carrying it back to Lanka, the gods feared its power in Ravana's hands. Lord Ganesha, disguised as a Brahmin boy, intercepted Ravana at Gokarna nearby. He tricked Ravana into placing the linga on the ground while Ravana performed his evening rituals, violating Shiva's condition that the linga should never touch the earth before reaching Lanka. The linga became immovably fixed at Gokarna (Mahabaleshwar Temple). In his rage, Ravana tried to uproot it, throwing away the pieces of cloth covering the linga. One such piece is believed to have landed atop Kanduka Hill at Murudeshwar, establishing the site's sacredness. While this mythological origin provides ancient roots, the modern temple complex seen today is largely a result of extensive development undertaken from the late 20th century onwards, heavily sponsored by the businessman and philanthropist Dr. R. N. Shetty. This modernization has transformed Murudeshwar into a major tourist destination alongside its religious identity. Key features of the modern complex include the main temple housing the sacred linga fragment, renovated and expanded; the towering 20-storey Rajagopura (completed 2008), which is notable for being one of the tallest temple towers in India and equipped with an elevator for panoramic views; and the colossal statue of a seated Lord Shiva (approximately 37 meters or 123 feet high), unveiled in 2002, which dominates the landscape. The history of Murudeshwar is thus a blend of ancient Puranic legend establishing its holiness and very recent, large-scale construction creating its modern landmarks.