कृष्ण शिला - Krishna Shilā (Black Stone) | Inheritage Foundation Art & Architecture Thesaurus | Inheritage Foundation

Title	कृष्ण शिला - Krishna Shilā (Black Stone) कृष्ण शिला Krishna Shilā
Description	कृष्ण शिला - Krishna Shilā (Black Stone) is a dark-colored igneous rock, often basalt or gabbro, used in temple construction. It exhibits high density (2.7-3.0 g/cm³) and compressive strength (150-200 MPa), making it suitable for load-bearing structures and carvings.
Tags	काला पत्थर Kālā Patthar Black Stone Basalt Dolerite Deccan Igneous Deccan Traps कृष्ण शिला Krishna Shilā Gabbro Nashik
Material ID	`INHFMAT-497857519-20-11-25-KE`
URI	https://www.inheritage.foundation/aat/material/black-stone
API Endpoint	`https://inheritage.foundation/api/v1/aat/materials/black-stone`
Total Sites	3
Primary Sites	3
Created	November 20, 2025
Last Updated	November 20, 2025

Material Types

Types	Igneous Rock Extrusive Igneous Rock Intrusive Igneous Rock Extrusive Rock Basalt Gabbro

Regions	Maharashtra Karnataka Andhra Pradesh Gujarat

Time Periods	Satavahana Period BCE Chalukya Period CE Medieval Period CE Ancient Period CE Maratha Period
Dynasties	Satavahana Chalukya Rashtrakuta Yadava Dynasty Yadava Maratha

Sources	Deccan Traps Specific quarries in Karnataka Local quarries near Verul Deccan Traps basalt quarries Specific quarries near Pune Deccan Traps quarries Deccan Traps quarries near Nashik Specific basalt quarries in Maharashtra

Properties	Compressive strength: 100-300 MPa Density: 2.7-3.3 g/cm³ Porosity: <1% Weathering resistance: High Compressive strength: 200-350 MPa Density: 2.8-3.1 g/cm³ Abrasion resistance: High Density: 2.7-3.0 g/cm³ Compressive strength: 150-200 MPa Water absorption: <0.5% Grain size: Fine to medium Porosity: 0.1-1% Density: 2.8-3.0 g/cm³ Thermal expansion coefficient: 5-7 x 10⁻⁶ /°C Water absorption: <1% Thermal expansion coefficient: 8-10 x 10⁻⁶/°C

Compressive strength: 100-300 MPa

Density: 2.7-3.3 g/cm³

Porosity: <1%

Weathering resistance: High

Compressive strength: 200-350 MPa

Density: 2.8-3.1 g/cm³

Abrasion resistance: High

Density: 2.7-3.0 g/cm³

Compressive strength: 150-200 MPa

Water absorption: <0.5%

Grain size: Fine to medium

Porosity: 0.1-1%

Density: 2.8-3.0 g/cm³

Thermal expansion coefficient: 5-7 x 10⁻⁶ /°C

Water absorption: <1%

Thermal expansion coefficient: 8-10 x 10⁻⁶/°C

Uses	Foundation stones Paving Sculptures Lingams Structural elements Decorative carvings Idol carving Lingam Load-bearing walls Lingam bases Structural walls

Materials	चूना - Chunā (Lime Mortar) सुरखी - Surkhi (Brick Dust) धातु - Dhātu (Metal Reinforcements) रेती - Retī (Sand) Kāshtha (Wood)

Styles	Dravidian architecture style Deccan architecture style Hemadpanti architecture Chalukya architecture style Hemadpanti architecture style Maratha architecture style

Categories	Temple Fort Water Tank Sculpture Stepwell

Notes	Resistant to weathering May develop surface patina Requires minimal maintenance Cleaning with water and mild detergents Surface abrasion Staining Differential weathering Resistant to most weathering Potential for iron staining Difficult to carve Susceptible to surface staining Requires gentle cleaning methods Potential for exfoliation in extreme climates Susceptible to staining from organic matter Resistant to weathering but susceptible to staining Requires cleaning with non-acidic solutions Biological growth removal

Notes

Title	Type	Notes
Geology of India	Book	Deccan basalt formations
Geology of Indian Rocks	Book	Petrographic analysis
Geological Survey of India Reports	Geological Survey	Rock identification and properties

Site Name	Status	Confidence
Bhimashankar Temple Pune	Primary	100%
Mahalaxmi Temple Kolhapur	Primary	100%
Trimbakeshwar Shiva Temple Nashik	Primary	100%