| Title | खपरैल - Khaprail (Roof Tiles)खपरैल Khaprail |
|---|---|
| Description | Baked clay tiles used for roofing, providing thermal insulation and weather protection. Available in various shapes and sizes, with regional variations in design and firing techniques. Porosity affects water absorption and durability. |
| Tags | Tiles Roofing Clay Terracotta Ceramic खपरैल Khaprail Roof Tiles Naliya Clay Tiles |
| Material ID | INHFMAT-084010430-20-11-25-KT |
| URI | https://www.inheritage.foundation/aat/material/roof-tiles |
| API Endpoint | https://inheritage.foundation/api/v1/aat/materials/roof-tiles |
| Total Sites | 3 |
| Primary Sites | 2 |
| Created | November 20, 2025 |
| Last Updated | November 20, 2025 |
| Types | Ceramic Terracotta Fired Clay |
|---|
| Regions | Tamil Nadu Kerala Karnataka Goa |
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| Time Periods | Ancient Times Medieval Period CE Colonial Period CE |
|---|---|
| Dynasties | Chola Vijayanagara Nayaka |
| Sources | Local clay deposits Tile manufacturing units Local clay pits near Udupi Local clay pits |
|---|
| Properties | Water absorption: 10-20% Density: 1.8-2.2 g/cm³ Flexural strength: 5-15 MPa Firing temperature: 900-1100°C Porosity: 15-20% Firing temperature: 900-1000°C Water absorption: 10-15% Thermal conductivity: Low Water absorption: 5-15% Flexural strength: 10-20 MPa Thermal conductivity: 0.8-1.2 W/mK |
|---|
| Uses | Roofing Cladding Paving Roofing material Weather protection Thermal insulation |
|---|
| Materials | लकड़ी - Lakadi (Wood) चूना - Chunā (Lime Mortar) Kāshtha (Wood) |
|---|
| Styles | Kerala architecture Konkani architecture Tamil architecture Dravidian architecture style Goan architecture style Mangalore tile roof style |
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| Categories | House Temple Community Buildings Houses Church |
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| Notes |
|
|---|
| Title | Type | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Traditional Tile Manufacturing Techniques | Technical Report | Firing and composition |
| Traditional Indian Roofing Systems | Technical Report | Tile manufacturing and application |
| Site Name | Status | Usage | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sri Krishna Temple Udupi | Primary | 100% | |
| Viceroy's Palace Panaji | Primary | 100% | |
| Chilkur Balaji Temple Hyderabad | Secondary | 100% |