सीमेंट कंक्रीट - Sīmeṇṭ Kaṅkrīṭ (Reinforced Concrete) | Inheritage Foundation Art & Architecture Thesaurus | Inheritage Foundation

Title	सीमेंट कंक्रीट - Sīmeṇṭ Kaṅkrīṭ (Reinforced Concrete) सीमेंट कंक्रीट Sīmeṇṭ Kaṅkrīṭ
Description	A composite material consisting of cement, aggregates, and water, reinforced with steel bars. Used for structural elements requiring high compressive and tensile strength. The water-cement ratio affects its strength and durability.
Tags	कंक्रीट Kaṅkrīṭ Cement Aggregate Steel Reinforcement प्रबलित कंक्रीट Prabalit Kankreet Concrete Reinforced Concrete Composite Kankreet Rebar Modern Structure Modern Construction Structural RCC Foundation Prabalit Kaṅkrīṭ प्रबलित Prabalita Reinforced Kaṅkrīṭa Construction Prablit Kankreet Column Pravalit Kankreet सीमेंट Sīmeṇṭ Aggregates
Material ID	`INHFMAT-240994028-20-11-25-SR`
URI	https://www.inheritage.foundation/aat/material/reinforced-concrete
API Endpoint	`https://inheritage.foundation/api/v1/aat/materials/reinforced-concrete`
Total Sites	1
Primary Sites	0
Created	November 20, 2025
Last Updated	November 20, 2025

Material Types

Types	Composite Material Cementitious Material Concrete Steel Composite

Regions

Regions	Pan-Indian Global Pan-India Pan-Indian (Modern) Pan-Indian (Modern Construction) Various (used pan-India) Pan India Modern construction Pan-India (Modern Construction) Ubiquitous in modern construction across India Ubiquitous across India Modern Construction Ubiquitous in modern construction Pan-Indian (modern)

Historical Context

Time Periods	20th Century CE 21st Century CE 20th Century CE - Present Modern Era 20th Century Onward 20th Century 21st Century 20th century CE onwards 20th Century CE onwards 20th century 21st century 20th Century onwards 20th century CE - Present

Geographic Sources

Sources	Cement factories across India Aggregate quarries Steel plants Cement factories Steel mills Cement factories (various locations) Steel mills (various locations) Modern cement factories Cement factories (e.g., ACC, Ultratech) Steel plants (e.g., TATA Steel, SAIL) specific geographic sources Cement plants Cement factories (e.g., ACC Limited) Steel plants (e.g., Tata Steel) Steel plants in India Cement factories (e.g., ACC, Ambuja) Local aggregate quarries Steel plants across India Aggregate quarries (various locations) Cement factories, steel mills Local manufacturing plants Steel plants in Jharkhand, Odisha Cement plants in India

Sources

Cement factories across India

Aggregate quarries

Steel plants

Cement factories

Steel mills

Cement factories (various locations)

Steel mills (various locations)

Modern cement factories

Cement factories (e.g., ACC, Ultratech)

Steel plants (e.g., TATA Steel, SAIL)

specific geographic sources

Cement plants

Cement factories (e.g., ACC Limited)

Steel plants (e.g., Tata Steel)

Steel plants in India

Cement factories (e.g., ACC, Ambuja)

Local aggregate quarries

Steel plants across India

Aggregate quarries (various locations)

Cement factories, steel mills

Local manufacturing plants

Steel plants in Jharkhand, Odisha

Cement plants in India

Properties

Properties	Compressive strength: 20-70 MPa Density: 2400 kg/m³ Tensile strength: 2-5 MPa Thermal expansion coefficient: 10-13 x 10⁻⁶/°C Tensile strength: 2-5 MPa (with reinforcement) Density: 2200-2400 kg/m³ Thermal expansion coefficient: 10-13 x 10^-6 /°C Tensile strength: 2-5 MPa (unreinforced) Density: 2.3-2.5 g/cm³ Compressive strength: 20-50 MPa Tensile strength (with steel): 2-5 MPa Modulus of elasticity: 20-30 GPa Tensile strength: 2-5 MPa (concrete only) Tensile strength (steel): 400-600 MPa Thermal expansion coefficient: 10-13 x 10⁻⁶ /°C Tensile strength: 2-5 MPa (without reinforcement) Density: 2300-2500 kg/m³ Thermal expansion coefficient: ~12 x 10⁻⁶ /°C Tensile strength: Enhanced by steel reinforcement Modulus of elasticity: 20-40 GPa Compressive strength: 20-70 MPa (depending on grade) Thermal expansion coefficient: ~12 x 10^-6 /°C Tensile strength: 2-7 MPa (with reinforcement) Compressive strength: 20-40 MPa Density: 2.4 g/cm³ Compressive strength: 20-70 MPa (depending on mix) Tensile strength: 200-500 MPa (steel) Steel reinforcement: Fe 415, Fe 500 Compressive strength: 20-50 MPa (concrete) Tensile strength: 400-500 MPa (steel) Tensile strength (with reinforcement): 2-5 MPa Compressive strength: 20-50 MPa (after 28 days) Tensile strength: Dependent on steel reinforcement Tensile strength (steel): 400-500 MPa Steel reinforcement grade: Fe 415, Fe 500 Tensile strength: Varies with steel reinforcement Steel reinforcement: Varies Tensile strength: 2-5 MPa (steel) Tensile strength (with reinforcement): 250-500 MPa Steel reinforcement yield strength: 415-550 MPa Density: 2400-2500 kg/m³ Compressive strength: 20-40 MPa (Concrete) Tensile strength: 400-500 MPa (Steel) Thermal expansion coefficient: 10-12 x 10⁻⁶/°C Compressive strength: 20-50 MPa (depending on grade) Modulus of Elasticity: 20-40 GPa Thermal expansion coefficient: ~10x10⁻⁶/°C Compressive strength: 20-40 MPa (concrete) Steel reinforcement yield strength: 415-500 MPa Compressive strength: 20-60 MPa

Compressive strength: 20-70 MPa

Density: 2400 kg/m³

Tensile strength: 2-5 MPa

Thermal expansion coefficient: 10-13 x 10⁻⁶/°C

Tensile strength: 2-5 MPa (with reinforcement)

Density: 2200-2400 kg/m³

Thermal expansion coefficient: 10-13 x 10^-6 /°C

Tensile strength: 2-5 MPa (unreinforced)

Density: 2.3-2.5 g/cm³

Compressive strength: 20-50 MPa

Tensile strength (with steel): 2-5 MPa

Modulus of elasticity: 20-30 GPa

Tensile strength: 2-5 MPa (concrete only)

Tensile strength (steel): 400-600 MPa

Thermal expansion coefficient: 10-13 x 10⁻⁶ /°C

Tensile strength: 2-5 MPa (without reinforcement)

Density: 2300-2500 kg/m³

Thermal expansion coefficient: ~12 x 10⁻⁶ /°C

Tensile strength: Enhanced by steel reinforcement

Modulus of elasticity: 20-40 GPa

Compressive strength: 20-70 MPa (depending on grade)

Thermal expansion coefficient: ~12 x 10^-6 /°C

Tensile strength: 2-7 MPa (with reinforcement)

Compressive strength: 20-40 MPa

Density: 2.4 g/cm³

Compressive strength: 20-70 MPa (depending on mix)

Tensile strength: 200-500 MPa (steel)

Steel reinforcement: Fe 415, Fe 500

Compressive strength: 20-50 MPa (concrete)

Tensile strength: 400-500 MPa (steel)

Tensile strength (with reinforcement): 2-5 MPa

Compressive strength: 20-50 MPa (after 28 days)

Tensile strength: Dependent on steel reinforcement

Tensile strength (steel): 400-500 MPa

Steel reinforcement grade: Fe 415, Fe 500

Tensile strength: Varies with steel reinforcement

Steel reinforcement: Varies

Tensile strength: 2-5 MPa (steel)

Tensile strength (with reinforcement): 250-500 MPa

Steel reinforcement yield strength: 415-550 MPa

Density: 2400-2500 kg/m³

Compressive strength: 20-40 MPa (Concrete)

Tensile strength: 400-500 MPa (Steel)

Thermal expansion coefficient: 10-12 x 10⁻⁶/°C

Compressive strength: 20-50 MPa (depending on grade)

Modulus of Elasticity: 20-40 GPa

Thermal expansion coefficient: ~10x10⁻⁶/°C

Compressive strength: 20-40 MPa (concrete)

Steel reinforcement yield strength: 415-500 MPa

Compressive strength: 20-60 MPa

Common Uses

Uses	Structural frames Foundations Beams Columns Slabs Foundation Warehouse frame Structural columns Foundation slabs Roof structures Roofing Lintels Staircases Structural support Foundation columns Structural framework Modern temple construction Structural beams Roof slabs Modern foundations Structural repairs Structural elements Structural frame Shear walls Retaining walls Walls

Related Materials

Materials	इस्पात - Ispāt (Steel) चूना - Chunā (Lime) सुरखी - Surkhi (Brick Dust) सीमेंट - Sīmeṇṭ (Cement) लोहा - Lohā (Steel) अंडाकार पत्थर - Aṇḍākār Patthar (Aggregates) सीमेंट - Cement (Cement) अंडाकार पत्थर - Andakar Patthar (Aggregates) सीमेंट - Seement (Cement) Aggregate लोहा - Lohā (Iron) रेत - Ret (Sand) बजरी - Bajri (Aggregate) अग्रीगेट - Aggregates (Aggregates) Aggregate (Sand, Gravel) अंडा - Anda (Aggregate) aggregates पानी - Pānī (Water) aggregate अग्रीगेट - Aggregate (Aggregate) Cement Steel Admixtures सरिया - Saria (Steel Reinforcement) aggregates (sand, gravel) रेती - Retī (Sand) स्टील - Steel (Steel) Aggregate (Coarse and Fine) अंडाकार - Andākar (Aggregates) लोहा - Lohā (Iron/Steel) Aggregates Steel reinforcement बजरी - Bajrī (Aggregate) रेती - Reti (Sand) सीमेंट - Seemeṇṭ (Cement) अंडाकार - Andaakar (Aggregate) Aggregate (various types) सीमेंट - Sīmēṇṭa (Cement) रेत - Reta (Sand) बजरी - Bajarī (Aggregate) स्टील सरिया - Sṭīl Sariyā (Steel Reinforcement) स्टील - Sṭīl (Steel) सीमेंट - Sīmeṇṭa (Cement) सरिया - Sariyā (Reinforcement Steel) कंक्रीट ब्लॉक - Kaṅkrīṭa Blŏka (Concrete Block) Aggregate (Crushed Stone) अंडाकार - Andakar (Aggregate) अंडाकार रेत - Andaakar Ret (Aggregate) अंडाकार - Andākar (Aggregate) चूना - Chunā (Lime Mortar) लोह - Lohā (Steel) जल - Jal (Water) संरचनात्मक इस्पात - Sanrachnātmak Ispāt (Structural Steel)

Materials

इस्पात - Ispāt (Steel)

चूना - Chunā (Lime)

सुरखी - Surkhi (Brick Dust)

सीमेंट - Sīmeṇṭ (Cement)

लोहा - Lohā (Steel)

अंडाकार पत्थर - Aṇḍākār Patthar (Aggregates)

सीमेंट - Cement (Cement)

अंडाकार पत्थर - Andakar Patthar (Aggregates)

सीमेंट - Seement (Cement)

Aggregate

लोहा - Lohā (Iron)

रेत - Ret (Sand)

बजरी - Bajri (Aggregate)

अग्रीगेट - Aggregates (Aggregates)

Aggregate (Sand, Gravel)

अंडा - Anda (Aggregate)

aggregates

पानी - Pānī (Water)

aggregate

अग्रीगेट - Aggregate (Aggregate)

Cement

Steel

Admixtures

सरिया - Saria (Steel Reinforcement)

aggregates (sand, gravel)

रेती - Retī (Sand)

स्टील - Steel (Steel)

Aggregate (Coarse and Fine)

अंडाकार - Andākar (Aggregates)

लोहा - Lohā (Iron/Steel)

Aggregates

Steel reinforcement

बजरी - Bajrī (Aggregate)

रेती - Reti (Sand)

सीमेंट - Seemeṇṭ (Cement)

अंडाकार - Andaakar (Aggregate)

Aggregate (various types)

सीमेंट - Sīmēṇṭa (Cement)

रेत - Reta (Sand)

बजरी - Bajarī (Aggregate)

स्टील सरिया - Sṭīl Sariyā (Steel Reinforcement)

स्टील - Sṭīl (Steel)

सीमेंट - Sīmeṇṭa (Cement)

सरिया - Sariyā (Reinforcement Steel)

कंक्रीट ब्लॉक - Kaṅkrīṭa Blŏka (Concrete Block)

Aggregate (Crushed Stone)

अंडाकार - Andakar (Aggregate)

अंडाकार रेत - Andaakar Ret (Aggregate)

अंडाकार - Andākar (Aggregate)

चूना - Chunā (Lime Mortar)

लोह - Lohā (Steel)

जल - Jal (Water)

संरचनात्मक इस्पात - Sanrachnātmak Ispāt (Structural Steel)

Related Styles

Styles	Modern architecture Contemporary architecture Modern Temple Architecture Modern Indian Architecture Modern architecture style Contemporary architecture style Structural engineering Contemporary Temple Architecture Contemporary temple architecture Modern Indian Temple Architecture Modern Indian architecture

Related Categories

Categories	Temple Community Hall Modern Temples Infrastructure Industrial buildings Modern temples Bridge Building Bridges Buildings Dams Temple (modern) Mandir (Modern) Temple construction Community halls Structural elements Residential Commercial Temple extensions Public Buildings Temple (Modern Construction) Structural Elements Commercial buildings Residential Buildings Modern structures Modern buildings Modern Buildings Commercial Buildings Temple (Modern) Residential buildings Modern Temple Modern Structures Modern construction Temple (modern additions) Modern Temple Architecture Mandir construction Temple (modern construction) Modern additions to heritage structures

Conservation Notes

Notes	Susceptible to carbonation Requires protection from chloride ingress Alkali-silica reaction Susceptible to corrosion of steel reinforcement Requires regular inspection for cracks Chloride attack Susceptible to steel corrosion Requires regular inspection Potential for alkali-silica reaction Repair with compatible materials Susceptible to steel corrosion if concrete cracks Requires regular inspection for cracks and spalling Use of corrosion inhibitors in concrete mix Susceptible to chloride attack Requires corrosion inhibitors Susceptible to steel corrosion due to chloride ingress Use of corrosion inhibitors recommended Chloride-induced corrosion is a major concern Chloride attack can degrade the concrete Requires proper curing Use of corrosion inhibitors Requires corrosion protection for steel reinforcement Vulnerable to alkali-silica reaction Requires proper curing and protection May require repair or replacement over time Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) mitigation Chloride-induced corrosion Requires proper curing to prevent cracking Can be affected by alkali-aggregate reaction Protection from chloride attack Cathodic protection may be necessary in aggressive environments Chloride attack mitigation Repair with compatible concrete mixes Carbonation Can be repaired with specialized mortars Concrete cracking due to alkali-silica reaction Requires regular inspection and repair Carbonation can reduce alkalinity Cathodic protection may be necessary Carbonation can reduce alkalinity and promote corrosion Susceptible to cracking due to shrinkage Steel reinforcement can corrode if concrete is not properly compacted Vulnerable to alkali-silica reaction (ASR) Use corrosion inhibitors Repair involves removing damaged concrete and replacing with compatible materials Proper drainage is crucial Concrete spalling Susceptible to corrosion of reinforcement Requires proper concrete cover Concrete carbonation can reduce alkalinity Steel corrosion Concrete cracking Susceptible to chloride-induced corrosion of steel reinforcement Cathodic protection can mitigate corrosion Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) can cause cracking Repair involves patching with compatible concrete mixes and corrosion inhibitors Steel reinforcement susceptible to corrosion Concrete can crack due to thermal expansion and contraction Susceptible to corrosion of reinforcing steel Susceptible to corrosion of लोह - Lohā (Steel) reinforcement due to chloride ingress Susceptible to cracking due to thermal expansion and contraction Reinforcement corrosion can lead to spalling Requires proper curing to achieve optimal strength

Notes

Susceptible to carbonation
Requires protection from chloride ingress
Alkali-silica reaction
Susceptible to corrosion of steel reinforcement
Requires regular inspection for cracks
Chloride attack
Susceptible to steel corrosion
Requires regular inspection
Potential for alkali-silica reaction
Repair with compatible materials
Susceptible to steel corrosion if concrete cracks
Requires regular inspection for cracks and spalling
Use of corrosion inhibitors in concrete mix
Susceptible to chloride attack
Requires corrosion inhibitors
Susceptible to steel corrosion due to chloride ingress
Use of corrosion inhibitors recommended
Chloride-induced corrosion is a major concern
Chloride attack can degrade the concrete
Requires proper curing
Use of corrosion inhibitors
Requires corrosion protection for steel reinforcement
Vulnerable to alkali-silica reaction
Requires proper curing and protection
May require repair or replacement over time
Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) mitigation
Chloride-induced corrosion
Requires proper curing to prevent cracking
Can be affected by alkali-aggregate reaction
Protection from chloride attack
Cathodic protection may be necessary in aggressive environments
Chloride attack mitigation
Repair with compatible concrete mixes
Carbonation
Can be repaired with specialized mortars
Concrete cracking due to alkali-silica reaction
Requires regular inspection and repair
Carbonation can reduce alkalinity
Cathodic protection may be necessary
Carbonation can reduce alkalinity and promote corrosion
Susceptible to cracking due to shrinkage
Steel reinforcement can corrode if concrete is not properly compacted
Vulnerable to alkali-silica reaction (ASR)
Use corrosion inhibitors
Repair involves removing damaged concrete and replacing with compatible materials
Proper drainage is crucial
Concrete spalling
Susceptible to corrosion of reinforcement
Requires proper concrete cover
Concrete carbonation can reduce alkalinity
Steel corrosion
Concrete cracking
Susceptible to chloride-induced corrosion of steel reinforcement
Cathodic protection can mitigate corrosion
Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) can cause cracking
Repair involves patching with compatible concrete mixes and corrosion inhibitors
Steel reinforcement susceptible to corrosion
Concrete can crack due to thermal expansion and contraction
Susceptible to corrosion of reinforcing steel
Susceptible to corrosion of लोह - Lohā (Steel) reinforcement due to chloride ingress
Susceptible to cracking due to thermal expansion and contraction
Reinforcement corrosion can lead to spalling
Requires proper curing to achieve optimal strength

Recommended Sources

Title	Type	Notes
IS 456:2000	Indian Standard	Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice
IS 456:2000	Indian Standard	Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice
IS 456	Standard	Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice
Indian Standard Codes for Concrete Structures	Standard	Design and construction guidelines
IS 456:2000 Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice	Standard	Indian Standard for reinforced concrete design
Indian Concrete Institute Publications	Technical Report	Material specifications
Indian Standard Codes for Concrete	Standard	Concrete specifications
IS 456:2000 - Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice	Indian Standard	Design and construction guidelines
IS 456:2000	Standard	Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice
Indian Concrete Institute Publications	Technical Report	Concrete design and construction
Indian Standard Codes for Concrete	Standard	Design and construction guidelines
IS 456:2000 Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice	Indian Standard	Concrete specifications
IS 456	Standard	Indian Standard for Plain and Reinforced Concrete
Indian Concrete Institute Journal	Journal Article	Structural analysis
IS 456:2000 Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice	Standard	Design and construction
Indian Concrete Institute Publications	Technical Report	Material specifications
Indian Concrete Institute Publications	Technical Report	Mix design and specifications
IS 456:2000	Standard	Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice
Indian Concrete Institute Journal	Journal	Concrete technology
IS 456:2000 Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice	Standard	Indian Standard for reinforced concrete design
IS 456:2000 Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice	Indian Standard	Specifications and guidelines for reinforced concrete construction
IS 456:2000 Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice	Standard	Indian standard for reinforced concrete design

Heritage Sites (1)

Site Name	Status	Usage	Confidence
Sri Sivan Temple Singapore	Secondary		100%