| Title | मृत्तिकालेप - Mrittikalepa (Mud Mortar)मृत्तिकालेप Mrittikalepa |
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| Description | मृत्तिकालेप - Mrittikalepa (Mud Mortar) is a traditional binding agent composed of clay, silt, and organic matter, exhibiting low compressive strength (0.5-2 MPa) and high porosity (25-40%), used for bonding bricks and plastering walls in non-load-bearing applications. |
| Tags | कर्दम लेप Kardama Lepa Mud Mortar Earthen Plaster Gomaya मृत्तिका Mr̥ttikā Earthen Mortar Clay Soil मृत्तिका गारा Mrittika Gārā Mud Mortar Earthen मृत्तिका लेप Mrittikā Lepa Earthen Construction Mud mortar Earthen plaster Vernacular architecture Clay Mortar Binding Agent Vernacular मृत्तिकालेप Mrittikalepa |
| Material ID | INHFMAT-302514065-20-11-25-MT |
| URI | https://www.inheritage.foundation/aat/material/mud-mortar |
| API Endpoint | https://inheritage.foundation/api/v1/aat/materials/mud-mortar |
| Total Sites | 1 |
| Primary Sites | 0 |
| Created | November 20, 2025 |
| Last Updated | November 20, 2025 |
| Types | Earthen Material Composite Material Clay Mixture Soil Mortar Binding Agent |
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| Regions | Sikkim Telangana Rajasthan Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh Kullu Valley Odisha Karnataka Uttar Pradesh |
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| Time Periods | 17th century CE Ancient times Medieval Period CE Ancient Period BCE Early Medieval Period CE Ancient Times Ancient Period 3rd century BCE Early Medieval Period |
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| Dynasties | Namgyal Dynasty Qutb Shahi Regional Dynasties Mauryan Dynasty Gupta Dynasty Kullu Kingdom Maurya dynasty Gupta dynasty Maurya Gupta Regional dynasties Mauryan |
| Sources | Local soil deposits near Tashiding Local soil deposits Riverbeds Local clay deposits Local clay deposits near Naggar Agricultural fields |
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| Properties | Compressive strength: 0.5-2 MPa Porosity: 20-30% Shrinkage: 5-10% (upon drying) Thermal conductivity: 0.8 W/mK High shrinkage upon drying Low water resistance Variable composition Shrinkage: 5-10% Thermal conductivity: 0.8-1.2 W/mK High plasticity when wet Shrinkage: 5-15% Porosity: 20-40% High shrinkage Porosity: 25-40% Thermal conductivity: 0.4-0.6 W/mK |
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| Uses | Non-load-bearing walls Plastering Sealing gaps Bonding bricks and stones in non-load-bearing walls Foundation bedding Sealing joints Foundation bedding in dry climates Plaster Chinking between timbers Adhesive for bricks Bonding bricks or stones Plastering walls Sealing roofs Foundation Bonding bricks Non-load-bearing construction |
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| Materials | गोमय - Gomaya (Cow Dung) मृत्तिका - Mrittikā (Clay) काष्ठ - Kāshtha (Timber) (as reinforcement) ईंट - Īṇṭa (Brick) लकड़ी - Lakḍī (Wood) चूना - Chunā (Lime) कच्ची ईंट - Kacchi Īnt (Unfired Brick) लकड़ी - Lakdi (Wood) काष्ठ - Kāshtha (Wood) शिला - Shilā (Stone) Kāshtha (Wood) Bamboo चूना - Chunā (Lime Mortar) इष्टिका - Ishtikā (Clay Brick) |
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| Styles | Vernacular architecture Tibetan Buddhist architecture Rural construction Vernacular architecture style Rural architecture style Rural architecture Early Buddhist architecture |
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| Categories | Monastery Residential Buildings Fortifications Rural Housing Early Temples Residential Building Fort Boundary Walls House Village structures Residential buildings Rural structures |
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| Notes |
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| Title | Type | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Traditional Indian Building Techniques | Book | Mud mortar composition and application |
| Traditional Building Materials of India | Book | Chapter on earthen construction |
| Traditional Building Techniques of the Himalayas | Book | Mud mortar recipes |
| Traditional Building Techniques of India | Book | Mud mortar composition and application |
| Traditional Indian Building Techniques | Book | Mortar composition |
| Traditional Indian Mortars | Technical Report | Analysis of mud mortar composition |
| Site Name | Status | Usage | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fayaz Tepe Buddhist Ruins Termez | Secondary | 100% |