Question 1

What is शीशा (Glazing)?

Accepted Answer

कांच (Kānch), or शीशा (Śīśā), encompasses glazing materials, primarily soda-lime glass, used in Indic architecture. Its composition is predominantly silica (SiO₂) derived from quartz-rich sands, traditionally sourced from riverbeds across the subcontinent. Physical properties include a density of 2400-2800 kg/m³, refractive index of 1.5-1.9, and thermal conductivity of 0.8-1.0 W/mK. [1] Historically, कांच was employed in Mughal and Rajput structures, often as दर्पण (Darpaṇa) or mirrors, and later as window panes. Durability is a concern; weathering leads to surface degradation. Conservation involves careful cleaning and replacement with compatible glass. The thermal expansion coefficient (8-9 x 10⁻⁶ /°C) dictates joint design. Traditional processing involved crucible melting, a technique documented in ancient texts. [2] Modern कांच production utilizes float glass methods. Restoration requires understanding the original glass composition and manufacturing techniques to ensure authentic replication. [3] The tensile strength is 40-80 MPa, while compressive strength is ~1000 MPa.

Question 2

What type of material is शीशा (Glazing)?

Accepted Answer

शीशा (Glazing) is classified as Glass, Silicate, Soda-Lime Glass. Key properties include Density: 2400-2800 kg/m³, Refractive index: 1.5-1.9, Thermal conductivity: 0.8-1.0 W/mK.

Question 3

Where is शीशा (Glazing) used?

Accepted Answer

शीशा (Glazing) is commonly used in South Asia, Global. It is sourced from Glass factories across India, Saint-Gobain, Asahi India Glass.

Question 4

How is शीशा (Glazing) used in heritage architecture?

Accepted Answer

शीशा (Glazing) is used for Windows, Doors, Skylights, Curtain walls, Stained glass windows in heritage architecture. It is found in 2 heritage sites.

Title	शीशा (Glazing) 4.5/5(Based on 2 heritage sites) Rare Śīśā Glazing 4.5/5(Based on 2 heritage sites)
Description	कांच (Kānch), or शीशा (Śīśā), encompasses glazing materials, primarily soda-lime glass, used in Indic architecture. Its composition is predominantly silica (SiO₂) derived from quartz-rich sands, traditionally sourced from riverbeds across the subcontinent. Physical properties include a density of 2400-2800 kg/m³, refractive index of 1.5-1.9, and thermal conductivity of 0.8-1.0 W/mK. [1] Historically, कांच was employed in Mughal and Rajput structures, often as दर्पण (Darpaṇa) or mirrors, and later as window panes. Durability is a concern; weathering leads to surface degradation. Conservation involves careful cleaning and replacement with compatible glass. The thermal expansion coefficient (8-9 x 10⁻⁶ /°C) dictates joint design. Traditional processing involved crucible melting, a technique documented in ancient texts. [2] Modern कांच production utilizes float glass methods. Restoration requires understanding the original glass composition and manufacturing techniques to ensure authentic replication. [3] The tensile strength is 40-80 MPa, while compressive strength is ~1000 MPa.
Also Known As	Glazing Śīśā Glazing Glass Pane Sheet Glass काच शीशा दर्पण काँच शिशा (Bengali) கண்ணாடி (Kannāṭi) అద్దము (Addamu) ಗಾಜು (Gāju) ചില്ല് (Chillu)
Tags	कांच Kānch Glass Window Transparency Glazing Transparent Sheet Glass
Material ID	`INHFMAT-010613252-20-11-25-KZ`
URI	https://www.inheritage.foundation/aat/material/glazing
API Endpoint	`https://inheritage.foundation/api/v1/aat/materials/glazing`
Total Sites	2
Primary Sites	2
Created	November 20, 2025
Last Updated	November 28, 2025

Title	Type	Notes
IS 2553 (Part 1) : 1990	Standard	Safety glass - Specification: Part 1 Annealed and toughened glass
Glass Technology Journal	Journal	Technical articles on glass properties and applications

Site Name	Status	Usage	Confidence
Canberra Sri Vishnu Shiva Mandir Mawson	Primary		100%
Hindu Cultural Society of Calgary Temple	Primary	Flooring	100%

Title	शीशा (Glazing) 4.5/5(Based on 2 heritage sites) Rare Śīśā Glazing 4.5/5(Based on 2 heritage sites)
Description	कांच (Kānch), or शीशा (Śīśā), encompasses glazing materials, primarily soda-lime glass, used in Indic architecture. Its composition is predominantly silica (SiO₂) derived from quartz-rich sands, traditionally sourced from riverbeds across the subcontinent. Physical properties include a density of 2400-2800 kg/m³, refractive index of 1.5-1.9, and thermal conductivity of 0.8-1.0 W/mK. [1] Historically, कांच was employed in Mughal and Rajput structures, often as दर्पण (Darpaṇa) or mirrors, and later as window panes. Durability is a concern; weathering leads to surface degradation. Conservation involves careful cleaning and replacement with compatible glass. The thermal expansion coefficient (8-9 x 10⁻⁶ /°C) dictates joint design. Traditional processing involved crucible melting, a technique documented in ancient texts. [2] Modern कांच production utilizes float glass methods. Restoration requires understanding the original glass composition and manufacturing techniques to ensure authentic replication. [3] The tensile strength is 40-80 MPa, while compressive strength is ~1000 MPa.
Also Known As	Glazing Śīśā Glazing Glass Pane Sheet Glass काच शीशा दर्पण काँच शिशा (Bengali) கண்ணாடி (Kannāṭi) అద్దము (Addamu) ಗಾಜು (Gāju) ചില്ല് (Chillu)
Tags	कांच Kānch Glass Window Transparency Glazing Transparent Sheet Glass
Material ID	`INHFMAT-010613252-20-11-25-KZ`
URI	https://www.inheritage.foundation/aat/material/glazing
API Endpoint	`https://inheritage.foundation/api/v1/aat/materials/glazing`
Total Sites	2
Primary Sites	2
Created	November 20, 2025
Last Updated	November 28, 2025

Title	Type	Notes
IS 2553 (Part 1) : 1990	Standard	Safety glass - Specification: Part 1 Annealed and toughened glass
Glass Technology Journal	Journal	Technical articles on glass properties and applications

शीशा (Glazing)

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Heritage Sites (2)

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