सीमेंट - Sīmeṇṭa (Cement) | Inheritage Foundation Art & Architecture Thesaurus | Inheritage Foundation

Title	सीमेंट - Sīmeṇṭa (Cement) सीमेंट Sīmeṇṭa
Description	Sīmeṇṭa (Cement), specifically Portland cement, is a hydraulic binder composed of calcium silicates, aluminates, and ferrites. It hydrates to form a strong, durable matrix. Compressive strength varies from 17-70 MPa after 28 days, depending on the grade and mix design.
Tags	सीमेंट Seement Cement Portland Hydraulic Binder Sīmeṇṭ Portland Cement Hydraulic Binder Concrete OPC Mortar Calcium Silicate Hydrate Sīmeṇṭa
Material ID	`INHFMAT-867574066-20-11-25-SN`
URI	https://www.inheritage.foundation/aat/material/cement
API Endpoint	`https://inheritage.foundation/api/v1/aat/materials/cement`
Total Sites	2
Primary Sites	1
Created	November 20, 2025
Last Updated	November 20, 2025

Material Types

Types	Binder Cementitious Material Hydraulic Binder Artificial Stone Calcium Silicate Cement Artificial Material

Regions

Regions	Pan-India (Modern Construction) Pan-India (Modern) Pan-India Pan-Indian Commonly manufactured across India

Historical Context

Time Periods	20th Century CE - Present 20th Century CE 21st Century CE Modern Period CE Modern Era 20th Century CE onwards Modern Period 20th Century Onwards

Geographic Sources

Sources	Cement plants using limestone and clay Various cement manufacturing plants across India Various cement factories across India Cement factories across India Various cement plants across India specific geographic sources Cement manufacturing plants across India Modern cement factories Cement factories in Northeast India Modern cement factories across India

Properties

Properties	Fineness: Blaine surface area 225-350 m²/kg Setting time: Initial set > 30 minutes, final set < 10 hours Compressive strength: Varies by grade (e.g., 43 grade, 53 grade) Specific gravity: 3.15 Density: 3.15 g/cm³ Compressive strength: 40-70 MPa (after 28 days) Setting time: Initial - 30 minutes, Final - 10 hours Fineness: Blaine value > 2250 cm²/g Density: 1.44 g/cm³ (powder) Compressive strength: Varies with grade (33, 43, 53 MPa) Fineness: 90-micron sieve Compressive strength: 17-70 MPa (after 28 days) Setting time: 45 minutes - 12 hours Hydration heat: Varies with type Compressive strength (after 28 days): 40-70 MPa Setting time: Initial > 30 minutes, Final < 10 hours Fineness: < 10% retained on 90 micron sieve Compressive strength: 20-70 MPa (after 28 days) Density: 1.44 g/cm³ Setting time: Varies based on type Hydration heat: Varies based on type Density: 1440 kg/m³ Compressive strength: 33-53 MPa (depending on grade) Fineness: <10% residue on 90 micron sieve Setting time: Initial > 45 minutes, Final < 10 hours Fineness (Blaine): 225-325 m²/kg Compressive strength (28 days): > 43 MPa Compressive strength (28 days): 17-70 MPa Fineness: Specific surface area > 225 m²/kg Compressive strength: 20-70 MPa (depending on grade)

Fineness: Blaine surface area 225-350 m²/kg

Setting time: Initial set > 30 minutes, final set < 10 hours

Compressive strength: Varies by grade (e.g., 43 grade, 53 grade)

Specific gravity: 3.15

Density: 3.15 g/cm³

Compressive strength: 40-70 MPa (after 28 days)

Setting time: Initial - 30 minutes, Final - 10 hours

Fineness: Blaine value > 2250 cm²/g

Density: 1.44 g/cm³ (powder)

Compressive strength: Varies with grade (33, 43, 53 MPa)

Fineness: 90-micron sieve

Compressive strength: 17-70 MPa (after 28 days)

Setting time: 45 minutes - 12 hours

Hydration heat: Varies with type

Compressive strength (after 28 days): 40-70 MPa

Setting time: Initial > 30 minutes, Final < 10 hours

Fineness: < 10% retained on 90 micron sieve

Compressive strength: 20-70 MPa (after 28 days)

Density: 1.44 g/cm³

Setting time: Varies based on type

Hydration heat: Varies based on type

Density: 1440 kg/m³

Compressive strength: 33-53 MPa (depending on grade)

Fineness: <10% residue on 90 micron sieve

Setting time: Initial > 45 minutes, Final < 10 hours

Fineness (Blaine): 225-325 m²/kg

Compressive strength (28 days): > 43 MPa

Compressive strength (28 days): 17-70 MPa

Fineness: Specific surface area > 225 m²/kg

Compressive strength: 20-70 MPa (depending on grade)

Common Uses

Uses	Concrete production Mortar production Grouting Binding agent in concrete Mortar for masonry Plastering Foundation Structural reinforcement Mortar Concrete Plaster Foundation construction Structural elements Stabilizing agent Mortar for repairs Modern concrete construction Reinforced concrete structures Repair material (with caution) Binding agent in modern mortars

Related Materials

Materials	कंक्रीट - Kankreet (Concrete) पानी - Pānī (Water) रेत - Ret (Sand) कंक्रीट - Kaṅkrīṭ (Concrete) रेती - Retī (Sand) स्टील - Sṭīl (Steel) लोहा - Lohā (Steel) रोड़ी - Roṛī (Aggregate) सुरखी - Surkhi (Brick Dust) बजरी - Bajrī (Aggregate) चूना - Chunā (Lime) कंक्रीट - Kankrīṭ (Concrete) कंक्रीट - Kaṅkrīṭa (Concrete) स्टील - Sṭīla (Steel) चूना - Chunā (Lime Mortar) (incompatible in historic contexts) रेत - Reta (Sand) Steel reinforcement

Materials

कंक्रीट - Kankreet (Concrete)

पानी - Pānī (Water)

रेत - Ret (Sand)

कंक्रीट - Kaṅkrīṭ (Concrete)

रेती - Retī (Sand)

स्टील - Sṭīl (Steel)

लोहा - Lohā (Steel)

रोड़ी - Roṛī (Aggregate)

सुरखी - Surkhi (Brick Dust)

बजरी - Bajrī (Aggregate)

चूना - Chunā (Lime)

कंक्रीट - Kankrīṭ (Concrete)

कंक्रीट - Kaṅkrīṭa (Concrete)

स्टील - Sṭīla (Steel)

चूना - Chunā (Lime Mortar) (incompatible in historic contexts)

रेत - Reta (Sand)

Steel reinforcement

Related Styles

Styles	Modern architecture Modern architecture style Reinforced concrete structures

Related Categories

Categories	Modern buildings Infrastructure Temple (modern additions) Residential buildings Modern Buildings Temple Modern construction Modern Construction Modern repairs

Conservation Notes

Notes	Susceptible to sulfate attack Requires proper storage to prevent hydration before use Contributes to carbon emissions during production Requires proper curing to prevent cracking Alkali-aggregate reaction Susceptible to alkali-silica reaction Chloride attack Carbonation Alkali-silica reaction Susceptible to alkali-aggregate reaction Sulfate attack Requires proper curing Incompatible with traditional lime mortars Can cause moisture entrapment in historic structures Requires careful assessment before use in conservation Can cause accelerated deterioration of historic materials Requires careful selection and application in conservation projects Can cause irreversible damage to historic structures Use with caution in conservation projects High alkalinity can damage traditional materials Requires careful selection for compatibility Potential for efflorescence Incompatible with traditional materials High modulus of elasticity can damage historic fabric Use only with extreme caution in conservation Requires careful mix design for compatibility Can cause corrosion of steel reinforcement

Notes

Susceptible to sulfate attack
Requires proper storage to prevent hydration before use
Contributes to carbon emissions during production
Requires proper curing to prevent cracking
Alkali-aggregate reaction
Susceptible to alkali-silica reaction
Chloride attack
Carbonation
Alkali-silica reaction
Susceptible to alkali-aggregate reaction
Sulfate attack
Requires proper curing
Incompatible with traditional lime mortars
Can cause moisture entrapment in historic structures
Requires careful assessment before use in conservation
Can cause accelerated deterioration of historic materials
Requires careful selection and application in conservation projects
Can cause irreversible damage to historic structures
Use with caution in conservation projects
High alkalinity can damage traditional materials
Requires careful selection for compatibility
Potential for efflorescence
Incompatible with traditional materials
High modulus of elasticity can damage historic fabric
Use only with extreme caution in conservation
Requires careful mix design for compatibility
Can cause corrosion of steel reinforcement

Recommended Sources

Title	Type	Notes
IS 12269:2013 Ordinary Portland Cement, 53 Grade - Specification	Standard	Indian Standard for cement specification
IS 456:2000	Standard	Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice
Indian Standard Codes for Cement	Standard	Cement specifications
Indian Standard Specifications for Cement	Standard	Cement properties and testing
IS 456: Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice	Standard	Indian Standard for concrete specifications
Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) Codes	Standard	Cement specifications
IS 456:2000	Indian Standard	Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice

Heritage Sites (2)

Site Name	Status	Usage	Confidence
Sanghi Temple Hyderabad	Primary		100%
Dilwara Temples Mount Abu	Secondary		100%